White-blue pyelocalyceal cyst with hydrotic glomerulonephritis

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Urology
• Nephrology
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Infantile abdominal distension can indicate serious underlying pathology.
• Ureteropelvic junction obstruction is a common congenital anomaly affecting renal development.

Observation:

• A 5-month-old male infant presented with abdominal distension and a palpable left lumbar mass.
• Radiological imaging revealed an enlarged, non-functional left kidney with ureteropelvic adhesive obstruction.

Findings:

• Histopathological examination of the excised renal mass diagnosed a white-blue pyelocalyceal cyst.
• The cyst was associated with hydronephrosis and glomerulonephritis, highlighting the severity of the obstruction.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of differentiating this rare cystic entity from other pediatric renal cystic diseases.
• Prenatal screening and early intrauterine intervention for pyeloureteral obstruction could potentially preserve renal function.