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Related Concept Videos

Mate Choice01:20

Mate Choice

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Mate choice—the decision about whom to mate with—is a type of natural selection, since animals must reproduce to pass down their genes. Mate choice is also called intersexual selection because the behavior occurs between the sexes.
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Natural Selection and Mating Preferences01:06

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The principle of natural selection posits that organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. This principle is closely intertwined with mating preferences, a key aspect of sexual selection, which evolutionary psychologists believe is driven by instincts to propagate one's genes. Such instincts significantly influence mating behaviors and preferences between genders.
Females, due to their biological roles in conception, pregnancy, and nursing,...
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Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

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When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
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Microbial Interactions: Parasitism01:22

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Parasitism is a form of microbial interaction in which parasitic microbes exploit a host organism for nutrients and shelter, often at the host's expense. Unlike mutualistic relationships, where both organisms benefit, parasitism benefits only the parasite and harms the host.Classification of ParasitesMicrobial parasites are broadly classified based on their location relative to the host.Ectoparasites remain on the host’s surface, such as the skin or outer tissues, drawing nutrients...
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Types of Selection01:46

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Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
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Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
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Observation and Quantification of Mating Behavior in the Pinewood Nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
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Parasitoid infestation changes female mating preferences.

Oliver M Beckers1, William E Wagner2

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, U.S.A. ; Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, U.S.A.

Animal Behaviour
|December 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Parasitic infestation reduces female cricket mate choice selectivity. This plasticity in preference may help parasitized females reproduce before death, potentially relaxing selection on male traits.

Keywords:
Gryllus lineaticepsOrmia ochraceafemale preferencephenotypic plasticitysexual selection

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Animal Communication

Background:

  • Female mating preferences can be plastic, adapting to environmental and social cues, influencing male trait evolution.
  • Parasitism is a significant environmental pressure, yet its impact on female mating preferences is understudied.
  • The cricket *Gryllus lineaticeps* is vulnerable to the parasitoid fly *Ormia ochracea*, which reduces female lifespan and reproductive success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of parasitic infestation on female *Gryllus lineaticeps* responsiveness to male song.
  • To determine how parasitic infestation influences female *Gryllus lineaticeps* preference for male song chirp rates.

Main Methods:

  • Comparing song responsiveness and chirp rate preferences between parasitized and unparasitized (control) female crickets.
  • Presenting male songs with varying chirp rates to females in choice trials.
  • Quantifying female response rates and preference choices.

Main Results:

  • Parasitic infestation did not alter female responsiveness to male songs.
  • Unparasitized females preferred intermediate chirp rates over slow chirp rates and showed no discrimination between fast and intermediate rates.
  • Infested females exhibited reduced chirp rate selectivity, showing no significant preferences in choice trials.

Conclusions:

  • Parasitic infestation induces plasticity in female cricket mating preferences, leading to decreased selectivity.
  • This relaxation of preference in parasitized females may be adaptive, increasing mating opportunities before death.
  • Changes in female preference suggest relaxed selection on male song characteristics during periods of high parasitism.