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Coevolution of codon usage and transfer RNA abundance.

M Bulmer

    Nature
    |February 19, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Codon usage bias in Escherichia coli and yeast is influenced by transfer RNA (tRNA) abundance. This study models the coevolution of codon bias and tRNA levels, explaining unequal tRNA abundances in unicellular organisms.

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    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics
    • Evolutionary Biology

    Background:

    • Synonymous codon usage exhibits significant bias in organisms like Escherichia coli and yeast.
    • This bias occurs both between codons for the same tRNA and between groups of codons for different tRNAs.
    • Transfer RNA (tRNA) abundance is a key factor, with abundant tRNAs recognizing frequently used codons, especially in highly expressed genes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a model explaining the coevolution of codon usage and tRNA abundance.
    • To elucidate the reasons for unequal synonymous tRNA abundances in unicellular organisms.
    • To understand the selection pressures acting on codon usage and tRNA levels.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a theoretical model.
    • Analysis of codon usage patterns.
    • Modeling the relationship between tRNA abundance and gene expression.

    Main Results:

    • The model demonstrates how codon usage bias and tRNA abundance can coevolve.
    • It explains the observed unequal abundances of synonymous tRNAs.
    • Selection at the translational level likely drives the observed biases.

    Conclusions:

    • Codon usage bias and tRNA abundance are intricately linked through coevolutionary processes.
    • Unequal tRNA abundances are a consequence of selection acting on translation efficiency.
    • This model provides a framework for understanding codon bias in unicellular organisms.

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