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Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

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Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Aortic Ring Assay
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Critical Factors in Measuring Angiogenesis Using the Aortic Ring Model.

G De Rossi1, Rs Scotland1, Jr Whiteford1

  • 1Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom.

Journal of Genetic Syndromes & Gene Therapy
|December 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that female rat and mouse aortas show reduced blood vessel formation compared to males. These findings impact angiogenesis research and therapeutic strategies for diseases like cancer.

Keywords:
AngiogenesisAortic ringEndothelial cellGenderTumour angiogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular biology and pathology
  • Biomedical research methodologies

Background:

  • Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is crucial in diseases like cancer and inflammation.
  • Studying angiogenesis *in vivo* presents challenges, making *in vitro* models essential.
  • Aortic explant assays are valuable for investigating angiogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify critical factors influencing the aortic explant angiogenesis assay.
  • To compare angiogenic responses between male and female rodent aortas.
  • To assess the implications of sex-based differences on angiogenesis research and therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an *in vitro* aortic explant model.
  • Examined angiogenic responses in aortic tissues from male and female rats and mice.
  • Analyzed critical factors affecting the angiogenesis assay.

Main Results:

  • Aortic explants from female rats and mice demonstrated a significantly reduced angiogenic response compared to males.
  • Identified sex as a critical factor influencing the outcome of angiogenesis assays.
  • Highlighted variability in angiogenic potential based on sex.

Conclusions:

  • Sex-based differences in angiogenesis must be considered in experimental design.
  • Findings have implications for developing targeted angiogenesis therapies for pathologies like cancer.
  • The study underscores the importance of accounting for biological sex in preclinical research.