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Related Concept Videos

Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

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A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...
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Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

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A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
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Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

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A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
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Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

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Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
44
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

54
An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
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Regulation of Stroke Volume01:27

Regulation of Stroke Volume

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The regulation of stroke volume, which is the amount of blood the heart pumps out during each heartbeat, is critical for maintaining a healthy circulatory system. Stroke volume is influenced by three main factors: preload, contractility, and afterload.
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...
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A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats
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Global stroke statistics.

Amanda G Thrift1, Dominique A Cadilhac, Tharshanah Thayabaranathan

  • 1Department of Medicine, Stroke and Ageing Research Centre, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Vic., Australia.

International Journal of Stroke : Official Journal of the International Stroke Society
|December 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stroke incidence and mortality data are scarce globally, hindering national strategy development. This review compiles available worldwide stroke data, highlighting significant data gaps and variations in incidence and mortality rates by country.

Keywords:
country-specificepidemiologyglobalincidencemortalitystroke

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Stroke is a significant public health issue often deprioritized globally.
  • A lack of accessible comparative data impedes the development of national stroke strategies.
  • A centralized repository of global stroke data is needed to inform policy and interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a repository of current global stroke incidence and mortality data by country.
  • To identify and illustrate existing data gaps in stroke epidemiology worldwide.
  • To provide an annual update and expand scope to cover broader stroke burden aspects.

Main Methods:

  • Compiled data through a comprehensive literature review of systematic reviews on stroke incidence (1980-2013).
  • Acquired and collated stroke mortality data from the World Health Organization (WHO) using ICD codes.
  • Calculated crude and WHO world standard population-adjusted incidence and mortality rates.

Main Results:

  • Stroke incidence data were available for 52 countries, with rates varying widely (e.g., 41 to 316 per 100,000/year).
  • Mortality data were reported by 123 countries, with the highest crude mortality in Kazakhstan (2003).
  • Significant data gaps and outdated information were identified for many regions.

Conclusions:

  • Accessible, country-specific stroke data are crucial for policymakers, clinicians, and citizens.
  • This annual review provides insights into the global burden of stroke and promotes strategy development.
  • Addressing data deficiencies is essential for implementing effective local and global stroke reduction strategies.