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Evolution of the average avalanche shape with the universality class.

Lasse Laurson1, Xavier Illa2, Stéphane Santucci3

  • 1COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, P.O. Box 11100, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland.

Nature Communications
|December 20, 2013
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Summary

Avalanche dynamics in diverse systems, like earthquakes and material deformation, exhibit scale-free behavior. This study reveals how the average avalanche shape changes with different universality classes, offering new insights into these complex phenomena.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Geophysics

Background:

  • Many physical systems exhibit intermittent, scale-free avalanche dynamics when driven slowly.
  • Key signatures include power-law size distributions and a characteristic average avalanche shape.
  • Understanding these dynamics is crucial across fields from condensed matter to seismology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the average avalanche shape evolves across different universality classes of avalanche dynamics.
  • To establish a scaling relationship for the average avalanche shape.
  • To explore the connection between temporal asymmetry and broken time-reversal symmetry.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis using scaling theory.
  • Extensive numerical simulations of avalanche dynamics.
  • Experimental data analysis from crack propagation.

Main Results:

  • The average avalanche shape follows a simple scaling form.
  • This form is parameterized by a scaling exponent and a temporal asymmetry parameter.
  • The temporal asymmetry is linked to broken time-reversal symmetry due to local interactions.

Conclusions:

  • The average avalanche shape provides a universal descriptor of avalanche dynamics.
  • The study quantifies the evolution of avalanche shape with universality class.
  • Findings enhance the understanding of complex systems exhibiting crackling noise.