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Evaluation of embolic deflection device using optical particle tracking.

Ciprian N Ionita1, Daniel R Bednarek1, Stephen Rudin1

  • 1Toshiba Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo NY 14214.

Proceedings of Spie--The International Society for Optical Engineering
|December 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Trans-aortic valve replacement (TAVR) can dislodge calcifications, risking stroke. This study introduces a particle tracking method to evaluate brain protection devices, showing significant reduction in embolic particle flow.

Keywords:
Trans-aortic valve replacementembolic deflection deviceoptical particle tracking

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Medical Device Evaluation

Background:

  • Trans-aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is an endovascular procedure for aortic valve stenosis.
  • Dislodged calcifications during TAVR pose a stroke risk.
  • Distal protection devices are needed to mitigate embolic events during TAVR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a repeatable method for evaluating the efficacy of embolic protection devices used during TAVR.
  • To quantify the reduction in particle flow to cerebral arteries using a novel optical tracking technique.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated TAVR embolic debris using gold particles (100-300 μm) in an arterial bifurcation phantom.
  • Employed particle optical tracking and counting at 30 frames per second with 2 ms exposure.
  • Evaluated unprotected and protected cases using porous screens (150 and 200 μm pore size) as embolic filters.

Main Results:

  • Without protection, particle flow was 60% and 40% in the main artery branches.
  • With 150 μm and 200 μm filters, protected branch particle flow was reduced to 4% and 8% of the main artery flow, respectively.
  • The optical particle tracking method effectively quantified embolic particle reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Optical particle tracking provides a repeatable method for assessing TAVR embolic protection device efficacy.
  • Porous screen filters demonstrate significant potential in reducing embolic particle migration to cerebral arteries.
  • This technique aids in the development and validation of safer TAVR procedures.