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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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MicroRNAs: are they the missing link between hypoxia and pre-eclampsia?

Jordan Y Z Li1, Tuck Y Yong, Michael Z Michael

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Summary

Pre-eclampsia, a pregnancy disorder, involves placental issues and inflammation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), like miR-210, are altered, potentially playing a role in disease development and offering future therapeutic targets.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Pre-eclampsia affects 5% of pregnancies, causing significant maternal and perinatal mortality.
  • Pathogenesis involves impaired placental implantation, hypoxia, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key gene regulators with altered expression observed in pre-eclampsia placentas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on miRNAs in pre-eclampsia.
  • To explore the role of hypoxia-related miRNAs in disease pathogenesis.
  • To understand the interaction between hypoxia, miRNAs, and the placenta.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on miRNAs, hypoxia, and pre-eclampsia.
  • Analysis of miRNA expression patterns in pre-eclamptic placentas.
  • Investigation of miRNA involvement in hypoxic stress in trophoblasts.

Main Results:

  • Specific miRNA expression patterns are altered in pre-eclampsia.
  • miR-210 is consistently elevated in hypoxic conditions and pre-eclamptic placentas.
  • The precise role of miRNAs in pre-eclampsia pathogenesis requires further clarification.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs, particularly hypoxia-related ones, are implicated in pre-eclampsia.
  • Further research is needed to determine if miRNAs are causal factors or markers.
  • MicroRNAs hold potential as predictors, biomarkers, or therapeutic agents for pre-eclampsia.