Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 4, 2026

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models
Published on: December 3, 2019
Latent virus reactivation risk and biological drugs: chronic inflammatory and immune-mediated disorders
1Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
Abstract:
Psoriasis vulgaris, psoriatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are chronic inflammatory and immune-mediated disorders, widely distributed in the population and induced by several environmental factors in genetically predisposed individuals. Different therapies are currently used to treat these diseases. Since these pathologies are characterized by an altered production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and biological therapy is based on the development of monoclonal antibodies or recombinant proteins against these molecules, this therapy represents an important option. Nevertheless, it was recently reported that biological agents have been associated with serious life-threatening infections. This article aims to summarize literature data on viral reactivation risk that clinicians need to take into account when selecting the most appropriate biological therapy for such patients.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis
Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Food and Drug–Viral Interactions
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction
Autoimmune Disorders
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...

