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Related Concept Videos

Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
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Long-term Depression01:03

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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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System of Memory01:23

System of Memory

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Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...
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Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

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Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
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Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory01:23

Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory

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Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation
09:39

Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation

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RNA transport and long-term memory storage.

Sathyanarayanan V Puthanveettil1

  • 1Department of Neuroscience; The Scripps Research Institute Scripps Florida; Jupiter, FL USA.

RNA Biology
|December 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary

New protein synthesis at synapses is key for long-term memory storage. This study explores how messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are localized to synapses and translated for memory formation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Long-term memory storage requires new protein synthesis at neuronal synapses.
  • The precise mechanisms of messenger RNA (mRNA) localization and translation at synapses remain largely unknown.
  • Understanding localized mRNA dynamics is crucial for deciphering memory formation processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the significance of RNA localization at synapses for long-term memory.
  • To explore the mechanisms governing mRNA transport and translation at synapses.
  • To highlight current techniques and future directions in studying synaptic RNA biology.

Main Methods:

  • Synaptosome preparation and microdissection of neuronal processes.
  • Analysis of RNA-binding proteins and axonal transport machinery.
Keywords:
RNA transportRNAseqkinesinlocal translationmemory storagesignaling networksynapses

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation
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Assay to Measure Nucleocytoplasmic Transport in Real Time within Motor Neuron-like NSC-34 Cells

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  • Utilizing molecular motor kinesin for identifying transported RNAs.

    • Main Results:

    • Several techniques exist for identifying localized RNAs at synapses.
    • The kinesin motor system is implicated in transporting specific RNAs to synapses.
    • RNA localization is a critical factor in synaptic plasticity and memory.

    Conclusions:

    • Synaptic RNA localization is essential for the molecular basis of long-term memory.
    • Further research into mRNA transport and translation mechanisms is needed.
    • Investigating synaptic RNA dynamics offers insights into neuronal function and memory.