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Area of Science:

  • Oral Surgery
  • Pharmacology
  • Evidence-Based Dentistry

Background:

  • Third molar extractions are common surgical procedures.
  • Post-operative complications like trismus and inflammation can impact patient recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of preoperative corticosteroids in managing post-third molar extraction complications.
  • To compare different administration routes and timings of corticosteroid use.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
  • Searched PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Cochrane databases.
  • Included studies compared preoperative steroids with placebo or no treatment.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-eight studies were included in the descriptive analysis.
  • Corticosteroids significantly reduced trismus and inflammation.
  • Parenteral administration and pre-operative timing showed greater efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Preoperative corticosteroids are effective in reducing trismus and inflammation after third molar extraction.
  • Parenteral administration before surgery is more effective than oral or post-operative administration.
  • Further research is needed to determine optimal corticosteroid regimens.