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Malaria control in Botswana, 2008-2012: the path towards elimination.

Chihanga Simon, Kentse Moakofhi, Tjantilili Mosweunyane

¹W, Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. ubydul.kth@gmail.com.

Malaria Journal

|December 24, 2013

Summary

Botswana achieved a 98% reduction in malaria cases and deaths through interventions like insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying. Future efforts must focus on imported cases and improved data collection for malaria elimination.

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Epidemiology
Vector-borne Diseases

Background:

Botswana has significantly advanced malaria elimination efforts nationwide.
This study examines malaria interventions and epidemiology during a period of declining transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the impact of interventions on malaria cases in Botswana.
To analyze epidemiological characteristics of malaria during decreased transmission intensity.

Main Methods:

Analysis of national passive malaria surveillance data from 2008-2012.
Utilized a district-level Poisson regression model to correlate malaria cases with long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) coverage.
Spatio-temporal mapping of malaria cases to visualize variations.

Main Results:

Observed a 98% reduction in malaria prevalence and a decrease in deaths from 12 to three within five years.
Distributed 237,050 LLINs and conducted 596,979 IRS applications between 2008 and 2012.
IRS coverage showed an association with reduced malaria cases, though intervention distribution was concentrated in northern high-burden districts.

Conclusions:

Botswana is progressing towards its malaria elimination goal.
Preventing and managing imported malaria cases from neighboring countries presents a future challenge.
Strengthening household and individual data reporting is crucial for monitoring elimination progress and guiding the National Malaria Program (NMP).