Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 4, 2026

Dynamic Clamp Methods to Investigate Impaired Neuronal Excitability Associated with Autism
Published on: October 17, 2025
[Pathophysiological models of mixed states]
R Belzeaux1, E C Ibrahim2, J-M Azorin1
1SHU psychiatrie adultes, Solaris, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, 13274 Marseille cedex 09, France.
Abstract:
Mixed states are complex manifestations of bipolar disorders. Pathophysiology of mixed states remains unclear. Several models have been proposed to understand the mechanisms underlying these mood states. These models describe mixed state either as a combinaison of depression and mania, as well as a transition between mania and depression, or mixed state as a severe type of depression or mania. Pathophysiological hypotheses involve temperaments or some personality disorders, psychiatric comorbidities as well as substance use disorders, or thyroid dysfunction. However, the formal demonstration of any specific genetic vulnerability to mixed state has not yet been provided.
Related Concept Videos
Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
Mechanistic Models: Overview of Compartment Models
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results...
Pharmacokinetic Models: Overview
There are three primary types of models: empirical, compartment, and physiological. Empirical models, with minimal...
Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Physiological Models
Pharmacodynamic Models: Link Model and Systems Pharmacodynamic Model

