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Related Concept Videos

Reproductive Cloning01:27

Reproductive Cloning

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Reproductive cloning is the process of producing a genetically identical copy—a clone—of an entire organism. While clones can be produced by splitting an early embryo—similar to what happens naturally with identical twins—cloning of adult animals is usually done by a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
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In Vitro Fertilization01:24

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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
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The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual,  the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Long-Term Health Impacts of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection on Offspring
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Reducing multiple births in assisted reproduction technology.

Siladitya Bhattacharya1, Mohan S Kamath2

  • 1Division of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aberdeen Maternity Hospital, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
|December 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Reducing embryos transferred during in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) can improve outcomes. Elective single embryo transfer, combined with frozen embryo transfers, offers a promising strategy to enhance safety while maintaining pregnancy rates.

Keywords:
assisted reproduction technologyelective single embryo transferin-vitro fertilisationmultiple pregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Embryology

Background:

  • Multiple pregnancies are a significant complication of assisted reproduction technology (ART), leading to adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.
  • High pregnancy rates in ART are often achieved by transferring multiple embryos, increasing the likelihood of multiple gestations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore strategies for reducing embryo transfer numbers in in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) cycles.
  • To evaluate the feasibility and potential of single embryo transfer policies in ART.

Main Methods:

  • Review of ART protocols, focusing on the shift from triple to double embryo transfer.
  • Analysis of concerns regarding pregnancy rates with single embryo transfer in fresh ART cycles.
  • Consideration of cryopreservation programs and their role in supporting elective single embryo transfer (eSET).

Main Results:

  • Transitioning from triple to double embryo transfer successfully reduced triplet rates without compromising overall pregnancy rates.
  • Adoption of single embryo transfer policies has been hindered by concerns about reduced pregnancy success in fresh cycles.
  • Effective cryopreservation technologies present a viable option for maintaining pregnancy rates with elective single embryo transfer.

Conclusions:

  • Reducing the number of embryos transferred during IVF is crucial for improving maternal and perinatal outcomes.
  • Elective single embryo transfer, supported by frozen embryo transfer, offers a promising approach to mitigate risks associated with multiple pregnancies.
  • Future strategies must integrate patient preferences and healthcare funding policies to facilitate the widespread adoption of single embryo transfer.