Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 4, 2026
Intrastriatal Injection of Autologous Blood or Clostridial Collagenase as Murine Models of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Published on: July 3, 2014
Iron and intracerebral hemorrhage: from mechanism to translation
Xiao-Yi Xiong1, Jian Wang, Zhong-Ming Qian
1Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital & the Second Affiliated Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Xinqiao Zhengjie No,183; Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400037, China.
Insights
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes significant death and disability. This review highlights how iron metabolism contributes to brain injury after ICH and explores iron removal therapies, suggesting further research into these mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biochemistry
- Pathology
Background:
- Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a major cause of death and disability globally.
- Current treatments for ICH lack efficacy due to poorly understood damage mechanisms.
- Erythrocyte metabolic products, particularly iron, are implicated in secondary brain injury following ICH.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in understanding iron metabolism mechanisms in ICH-induced injury.
- To focus on the role of iron in oxidative stress and the potential of iron removal therapies.
- To identify knowledge gaps in brain iron metabolism and iron removal treatment mechanisms post-ICH.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of animal and clinical studies on ICH.
- Analysis of research on iron metabolism pathways in the brain.
- Examination of studies investigating iron's role in oxidative injury.
- Evaluation of iron removal therapies for ICH.
Main Results:
- Iron accumulation in the brain parenchyma exacerbates secondary injury after ICH.
- Iron removal therapy shows promise in animal models due to understood damage mechanisms.
- Despite research, precise iron metabolic pathways and treatment mechanisms post-ICH remain unclear.
Conclusions:
- Iron metabolism is a critical factor in secondary brain injury following ICH.
- Further research is needed to elucidate brain iron metabolism and the precise mechanisms of iron removal therapies for ICH.
- Targeting iron metabolism presents a potential therapeutic strategy for improving outcomes in ICH patients.
Abstract:
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. Currently, there is no effective medical treatment available to improve functional outcomes in patients with ICH due to its unknown mechanisms of damage. Increasing evidence has shown that the metabolic products of erythrocytes are the key contributor of ICH-induced secondary brain injury. Iron, an important metabolic product that accumulates in the brain parenchyma, has a detrimental effect on secondary injury following ICH. Because the damage mechanism of iron during ICH-induced secondary injury is clear, iron removal therapy research on animal models is effective. Although many animal and clinical studies have been conducted, the exact metabolic pathways of iron and the mechanisms of iron removal treatments are still not clear. This review summarizes recent progress concerning the iron metabolism mechanisms underlying ICH-induced injury. We focus on iron, brain iron metabolism, the role of iron in oxidative injury, and iron removal therapy following ICH, and we suggest that further studies focus on brain iron metabolism after ICH and the mechanism for iron removal therapy.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology
01:17Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction
01:15Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology