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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

54
An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
54
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

30
A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
30
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

44
Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
44
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

20
A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
20

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery
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Endothelial progenitor cells in acute ischemic stroke.

Joan Martí-Fàbregas1, Javier Crespo2, Raquel Delgado-Mederos1

  • 1Department of Neurology, IIB Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau 08025, Barcelona, Spain.

Brain and Behavior
|December 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in ischemic stroke patients peaked at day 7. Statin use increased EPC levels, and higher EPC counts correlated with better outcomes in specific stroke subtypes.

Keywords:
Endothelial progenitor cellsischemic strokestatin

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a crucial role in vascular repair.
  • Previous studies on EPC levels in ischemic stroke have yielded inconsistent results.
  • Understanding EPC dynamics is vital for stroke recovery and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal changes in circulating EPC levels post-ischemic stroke.
  • To determine the prognostic significance of EPC counts for functional outcomes.
  • To identify factors influencing EPC levels, including statin use and stroke etiology.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 146 ischemic stroke patients within 48 hours of symptom onset.
  • Collected blood samples at baseline, day 7, and 3 months for EPC measurement via flow cytometry.
  • Evaluated demographic data, vascular risk factors, stroke characteristics, and functional outcomes (Rankin scale).

Main Results:

  • Circulating EPC levels were significantly higher at day 7 compared to baseline and 3 months (P=0.045).
  • Pre-stroke statin treatment (OR 3.11, P=0.008) and stroke etiology (P=0.032) predicted baseline EPC counts.
  • Higher EPC counts were associated with better functional outcomes in large-artery atherosclerosis and small-vessel disease subtypes.

Conclusions:

  • Circulating EPC counts exhibit a distinct temporal pattern, peaking at day 7 after acute ischemic stroke.
  • Statin pretreatment is linked to elevated EPC levels in stroke patients.
  • Elevated EPC counts may serve as a positive prognostic marker for functional recovery in specific ischemic stroke subtypes.