Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Integrating dorsolateral prefrontal cortex multi-omics and GWAS summary data reveals genetic etiology of Parkinson's disease.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026

Same author

Integrating dorsolateral prefrontal cortex multi-omics and GWAS summary data reveals genetic etiology of Parkinson's disease.

Research square·2026

Same author

Cell-type-aware transcriptome-wide association studies identify 91 independent risk genes for Alzheimer's disease dementia.

Communications biology·2026

Same author

Objectively Measured Daytime Napping Patterns and All-Cause Mortality in Older Adults.

JAMA network open·2026

Same author

Proteome-wide association study of cortical proteins that may provide resilience for late-life disability.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences·2026

Same author

Genetic predisposition to hand grip strength predicts cognitive decline.

Neurobiology of aging·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Permanent Cerebral Vessel Occlusion via Double Ligature and Transection

Permanent Cerebral Vessel Occlusion via Double Ligature and Transection

Published on: July 21, 2013

Harm avoidance and cerebral infarction.

Robert S Wilson¹, Patricia A Boyle¹, Steven R Levine²

¹Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center.

Neuropsychology

|December 25, 2013

Summary

Higher harm avoidance behavior may increase the risk of cerebral infarction, a type of stroke. This personality trait is linked to a greater likelihood of developing brain infarcts in older adults.

More Related Videos

A Rat Model of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion/Reperfusion Without Damaging the Anatomical Structure of Cerebral Vessels

A Rat Model of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion/Reperfusion Without Damaging the Anatomical Structure of Cerebral Vessels

Published on: May 17, 2024

Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability

Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability

Published on: February 23, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 4, 2026

Permanent Cerebral Vessel Occlusion via Double Ligature and Transection

Permanent Cerebral Vessel Occlusion via Double Ligature and Transection

Published on: July 21, 2013

A Rat Model of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion/Reperfusion Without Damaging the Anatomical Structure of Cerebral Vessels

A Rat Model of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion/Reperfusion Without Damaging the Anatomical Structure of Cerebral Vessels

Published on: May 17, 2024

Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability

Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability

Published on: February 23, 2016

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychology
Gerontology

Background:

Harm avoidance, a personality trait linked to behavioral inhibition, is associated with negative health outcomes in older adults, including disability and dementia.
The underlying mechanisms connecting harm avoidance to these outcomes, particularly cerebral infarction, remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between the personality trait of harm avoidance and the presence of chronic cerebral infarction in an elderly population.
To test the hypothesis that higher levels of harm avoidance predict an increased likelihood of cerebral infarction.

Main Methods:

A cohort of older adults without dementia completed a harm avoidance scale.
Follow-up included brain autopsies to assess chronic cerebral infarcts (microscopic and gross).
Statistical models controlled for cardiovascular risk factors.

Main Results:

Chronic cerebral infarcts were identified in 42% of the 192 individuals who underwent neuropathologic examination.
Higher harm avoidance scores were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of cerebral infarction (OR = 1.083).
Individuals with high harm avoidance (75th percentile) had a 2.4-fold greater risk of infarction compared to those with low harm avoidance (25th percentile), even after adjusting for other risk factors.

Conclusions:

Elevated levels of the harm avoidance trait may serve as a predictive risk factor for cerebral infarction.
This finding suggests a potential link between personality and cerebrovascular disease, warranting further investigation.