Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry01:16

Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry

763
Eccentric axial loading occurs when an axial load is applied away from the centroidal axis of a structural member. This scenario is common in engineering, where structural elements may not be directly aligned due to various design or functional requirements.
763
Axial and Appendicular Muscles01:18

Axial and Appendicular Muscles

3.5K
Skeletal muscles, the key players in our body's movement, can be classified into two groups based on their location and function: axial muscles and appendicular muscles. These classifications reflect the primary roles the muscles play in the body's structure and movement.
Axial Muscles
Axial muscles, situated along the body's midline, are intricately connected to the axial skeleton, which includes the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum. These muscles facilitate facial expressions and...
3.5K
Overview of the Axial Skeleton01:09

Overview of the Axial Skeleton

11.7K
The skeleton is subdivided into two major divisions—the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton forms the vertical, central axis of the body. It includes all of the bones of the head, neck, chest, and back. It protects the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs. It also serves as the attachment site for muscles that move the head, neck, and back and for muscles that act across the shoulder and hip joints to move their corresponding limbs.
The axial skeleton of the...
11.7K
General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading01:12

General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading

691
Unsymmetrical bending occurs when the bending moment applied to a structural member does not align with its principal axis. This misalignment leads to complex stress distributions and deflection patterns that differ from symmetrical bending, which are essential for designing structures to withstand different loading conditions.
Consider a member subjected to equal and opposite forces that are applied along a line that does not coincide with the member's neutral axis. In unsymmetrical...
691
Normal Strain under Axial Loading01:20

Normal Strain under Axial Loading

1.6K
Normal strain under axial loading is an important concept in the field of mechanics of materials. Axial loading implies the application of a force along the axis of a material, like a column or bar. This force can either compress or stretch the material. In the context of axial loading, normal strain is the deformation experienced by the material in the direction of the loading force. It's calculated as the change in length divided by the original length of the material. This unitless ratio...
1.6K
Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

8.1K
Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
8.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Chemical cues facilitate foraging across the water-land interface in a resident predatory fish.

Behavioral ecology : official journal of the International Society for Behavioral Ecology·2026
Same author

Tool use increases mechanical foraging success and tooth health in southern sea otters (<i>Enhydra lutris nereis</i>).

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2024
Same author

Disparities in Receipt of National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guideline-Adherent Care and Outcomes among Women with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Race/Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, and Insurance Type.

Cancers·2023
Same author

Effects of <i>CYP3A4</i> and <i>CYP2C9</i> genotype on systemic anastrozole and fulvestrant concentrations in SWOG S0226.

Pharmacogenomics·2023
Same author

Thymidine kinase activity levels in serum can identify HR+ metastatic breast cancer patients with a low risk of early progression (SWOG S0226).

Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals·2023
Same author

Deep Learning-based Automatic Diagnosis of Breast Cancer on MRI Using Mask R-CNN for Detection Followed by ResNet50 for Classification.

Academic radiology·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
07:34

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

Published on: June 3, 2013

19.5K

Differential occupation of axial morphospace.

Andrea B Ward1, Rita S Mehta2

  • 1Department of Biology, Adelphi University, 1 South Avenue, Garden City, NY 11530, USA.

Zoology (Jena, Germany)
|December 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Vertebral diversity in fishes and tetrapods is linked to axial regionalization and developmental mechanisms. Evolutionary pressures, like locomotion, shape vertebral column evolution across vertebrate clades.

Keywords:
Axial regionalityAxial skeletonVertebraeVertebral development

More Related Videos

Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus
09:26

Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus

Published on: November 6, 2014

9.2K
Conditions Affecting Social Space in Drosophila melanogaster
08:04

Conditions Affecting Social Space in Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: November 5, 2015

12.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 4, 2026

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
07:34

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

Published on: June 3, 2013

19.5K
Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus
09:26

Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus

Published on: November 6, 2014

9.2K
Conditions Affecting Social Space in Drosophila melanogaster
08:04

Conditions Affecting Social Space in Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: November 5, 2015

12.1K

Area of Science:

  • Comparative anatomy
  • Developmental biology
  • Evolutionary biology

Background:

  • The postcranial system includes the axial skeleton (vertebrae) and appendicular skeleton.
  • The axial skeleton provides support, protection, and leverage for movement.
  • Vertebral columns exhibit significant numerical and morphological diversity linked to axial regionalization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the diversity of vertebral formation and regionalization in vertebrates.
  • To examine the early developmental mechanisms guiding vertebral development.
  • To analyze vertebral number trends across major vertebrate clades.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of vertebral numbers across actinopterygians, chondrichthyans, and Sarcopterygii.
  • Discussion of developmental processes influencing axial patterning.
  • Consideration of selective regimes related to locomotion.

Main Results:

  • Actinopterygians and chondrichthyans typically increase vertebral number in the caudal region.
  • Sarcopterygii tend to increase vertebral number in the precaudal region, with exceptions.
  • Differential developmental processes contribute to axial patterning in actinopterygians and sarcopterygians.

Conclusions:

  • Vertebral column diversity reflects distinct developmental strategies and evolutionary pressures.
  • Locomotion (aquatic vs. terrestrial) may drive differential use of axial morphospace.
  • Understanding vertebral development is key to comprehending vertebrate evolution.