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Revisiting the 'Low BirthWeight paradox' using a model-based definition.

Sol Juárez1, George B Ploubidis2, Lynda Clarke2

  • 1Centre for Economic Demography, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

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Summary

The low birth weight (LBW) paradox in Spain is challenged by a new model-based definition. This definition suggests methodological bias may affect previous findings on LBW babies born to immigrant mothers.

Keywords:
Bajo pesoBirthweightEspañaImmigrantInmigrantesInmigrantes laboralesLow birthweightMigrant workersPeso al nacerSpain

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Area of Science:

  • Perinatal epidemiology
  • Public health research

Background:

  • Immigrant mothers in Spain exhibit a lower incidence of low birth weight (LBW) babies compared to native Spaniards, a phenomenon known as the LBW paradox.
  • This study re-evaluates the LBW paradox by employing a model-based threshold as a novel approach to defining LBW.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of a model-based definition of low birth weight (LBW) on the observed LBW paradox in Spain.
  • To determine if conventional LBW definitions introduce methodological bias when comparing immigrant and Spanish mothers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized vital statistics data from Madrid spanning 2005-2006.
  • Defined low birth weight (LBW) using two criteria: the conventional threshold (<2500g) and Wilcox's model-based proposal.
  • Employed logistic and linear regression models to analyze the data.

Main Results:

  • The conventional definition of LBW (<2500g) supports the existence of the LBW paradox in Spain.
  • However, applying a model-based LBW definition reveals the paradox is primarily evident in mothers from other parts of South America.
  • This suggests a potential methodological bias associated with the conventional LBW definition.

Conclusions:

  • Future research on the LBW paradox should integrate model-based definitions of LBW.
  • Adopting model-based definitions is crucial for mitigating methodological bias in studies examining birth weight disparities.