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[Comparative study of interferon inducers obtained from natural sources]
Antibiotiki I Meditsinskaia Biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and Medical Biotechnology
|February 1, 1987
Summary
Natural double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) from phage and yeast effectively induces interferon and exhibits antiviral properties in cell cultures and mice. DEAE-dextran enhanced dsRNA’s interferon induction in cell cultures.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a key component in viral replication and a potent inducer of innate immune responses.
- Natural sources of dsRNA, such as bacteriophages and yeast, are being investigated for their immunomodulatory and therapeutic potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interferon-inducing and antiviral effects of natural dsRNA preparations from phage phi 6 and yeast.
- To evaluate the necessity of cell membrane modification for dsRNA-induced interferon production in cell cultures.
- To assess the efficacy of these dsRNA preparations in protecting against viral infections in vivo.
Main Methods:
- Murine L-929 cell cultures and random-bred albino mice were used as experimental models.
- Interferon induction was measured in cell cultures and mouse serum following intraperitoneal administration of dsRNA.
- Cell surface modification was achieved using DEAE-dextran.
- Antiviral activity was assessed by challenging animals with murine encephalomyocarditis virus and influenza virus A/Aichi 2/68.
Main Results:
- Both phage and yeast dsRNA demonstrated interferon-inducing activity in cell cultures, requiring DEAE-dextran for effect realization.
- High interferon-inducing activity was observed in mice, with peak titers of 1280-5120 units/ml occurring 4-6 hours post-administration.
- Phage dsRNA showed higher activity in cell culture, while yeast dsRNA was more potent in mice.
- Both dsRNA preparations conferred significant protection against encephalomyocarditis virus and influenza virus infections, protecting 15-38.9% of animals.
Conclusions:
- Natural dsRNA from phage and yeast are effective interferon inducers and possess antiviral properties.
- Cell membrane modification is crucial for dsRNA-mediated interferon induction in cell cultures.
- These dsRNA preparations hold promise as antiviral agents, with differential efficacy observed between in vitro and in vivo models.