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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

1.5K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

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Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

440
Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

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Overview
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Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

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Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the...
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Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
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Obesity vaccines.

Mariana P Monteiro1

  • 1Department of Anatomy; Unit for Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research (UMIB); Institute for Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS); University of Porto; Porto, Portugal.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|December 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity is a growing global health crisis. This review explores new anti-obesity drugs targeting hormones and energy regulation, offering hope beyond diet and exercise.

Keywords:
GIPghrelinobesitysomatostatintreatmentvaccinevirus-like particles

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Area of Science:

  • Public health and preventative medicine
  • Pharmacological interventions for metabolic disorders

Background:

  • Obesity is a significant and escalating global health challenge.
  • Current lifestyle interventions (diet, exercise) often lack long-term patient adherence.
  • Limited pharmacological options necessitate novel anti-obesity treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development of innovative therapeutic agents for obesity treatment.
  • To focus on novel strategies targeting energy homeostasis regulation.
  • To explore the potential of molecular vaccines against key hormones.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current and emerging anti-obesity drug development.
  • Focus on agents modulating energy balance.
  • Investigation of molecular vaccines targeting specific hormones (somatostatin, GIP, ghrelin).

Main Results:

  • Pharmacological treatments are crucial for individuals with obesity.
  • New therapeutic targets are emerging in energy homeostasis regulation.
  • Molecular vaccines targeting hormones show promise for weight reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Innovative drug development is vital for effective obesity management.
  • Targeting hormones like somatostatin, GIP, and ghrelin offers new therapeutic avenues.
  • Future research focuses on novel agents and molecular vaccines for obesity.