Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

58.4K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
58.4K
Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

4.8K
Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
4.8K
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

4.5K
The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
4.5K
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

5.4K
Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
5.4K
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

1.5K
The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Families at Risk of Haemophilia: Ten-Year Single-Centre Experience.

Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia·2026
Same author

Is screening for domestic violence routinely performed during pregnancy? Insights from women delivering in a referral hospital in Northern Italy.

Minerva obstetrics and gynecology·2026
Same author

Free pelvic fluid detection and quantification using transvaginal ultrasound: a surrogate marker for retrograde menstruation.

Reproductive biomedicine online·2026
Same author

Challenging the paradigm that neonatal uterine bleeding represents the first menstrual episode.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Endometriosis and ovarian cancer: epidemiological evidence, molecular insights, and clinical decision-making.

Human reproduction update·2026
Same author

Insights from an observational matched case-control study on the association between endometriosis and benign uterine disorders in infertile patients.

Scientific reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Establishment of an Experimental Mouse Model of Endometrioma to Study its Related Infertility
08:07

Establishment of an Experimental Mouse Model of Endometrioma to Study its Related Infertility

Published on: April 5, 2024

1.7K

Endometriosis: pathogenesis and treatment.

Paolo Vercellini1, Paola Viganò2, Edgardo Somigliana1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 12, 20122 Milan, Italy.

Nature Reviews. Endocrinology
|December 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Endometriosis, the growth of uterine lining outside the uterus, causes pain and infertility. While treatments exist, they have limitations, and ovarian cancer risk increases.

More Related Videos

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity
07:20

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity

Published on: December 21, 2012

15.2K
Noninvasive Monitoring of Lesion Size in a Heterologous Mouse Model of Endometriosis
08:16

Noninvasive Monitoring of Lesion Size in a Heterologous Mouse Model of Endometriosis

Published on: February 26, 2019

7.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 4, 2026

Establishment of an Experimental Mouse Model of Endometrioma to Study its Related Infertility
08:07

Establishment of an Experimental Mouse Model of Endometrioma to Study its Related Infertility

Published on: April 5, 2024

1.7K
Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity
07:20

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity

Published on: December 21, 2012

15.2K
Noninvasive Monitoring of Lesion Size in a Heterologous Mouse Model of Endometriosis
08:16

Noninvasive Monitoring of Lesion Size in a Heterologous Mouse Model of Endometriosis

Published on: February 26, 2019

7.9K

Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Endometriosis involves endometrial-type tissue outside the uterine cavity.
  • Pathogenic theories include retrograde menstruation, coelomic metaplasia, and Müllerian remnants.
  • Retrograde menstruation is the most supported theory, involving pelvic implantation and inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define endometriosis and discuss its pathogenesis.
  • To outline diagnostic methods and treatment options.
  • To highlight the association with ovarian cancer risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of proposed pathogenic theories.
  • Description of diagnostic procedures (visualization, histology).
  • Overview of treatment modalities (surgical excision, hormonal suppression, assisted reproductive technologies).

Main Results:

  • Endometriosis is estrogen-dependent, occurring during reproductive years, causing pain and infertility.
  • Common symptoms include dysmenorrhea, deep dyspareunia, dyschezia, and dysuria.
  • Standard diagnosis involves direct visualization and histological examination.

Conclusions:

  • Current treatments for endometriosis, including surgery and hormonal therapy, are symptomatic and associated with recurrence.
  • Surgical interventions offer moderate fertility benefits.
  • Endometriosis increases epithelial ovarian cancer risk by 50%, necessitating preventive strategies.