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Body composition markers in older persons with COPD.

Angela Marie Abbatecola1, Alessia Fumagalli2, Liana Spazzafumo3

  • 1Scientific Direction - Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Via S. Margherita n. 5, Ancona 6100, Italy.

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|December 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Excess body fat negatively impacts walking speed in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Maintaining a healthy body composition is crucial for physical functioning in this population.

Keywords:
COPDageingbody fatgait speedindicatorsolder people

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Pulmonology
  • Body Composition Analysis

Background:

  • Body composition is linked to physical performance, yet data in older adults with chronic diseases are scarce.
  • Understanding these relationships is vital for geriatric care and managing chronic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between body composition and gait speed in older individuals with varying stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
  • To examine the link between body composition and nutritional status in COPD patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional analysis of 132 COPD patients (mean age 75) from a Pulmonary Rehabilitation Geriatric Unit.
  • Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis; gait speed and respiratory parameters were measured.
  • Multivariate linear regression models identified independent associations between body composition markers and gait speed, adjusting for confounders.

Main Results:

  • Gait speed declined with increasing COPD severity.
  • Individuals with faster gait speeds had lower body mass index and fat mass, but higher lean-to-fat ratios and albumin levels.
  • Total body fat mass (FM) independently predicted walking speed, whereas fat-free mass and lean-to-fat ratio did not.

Conclusions:

  • Excess body fat appears detrimental to physical functioning in elderly individuals with COPD.
  • These findings highlight the importance of managing body fat composition for mobility in this demographic.