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Selective extraction from microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. using different methods of cell disruption.

N Grimi¹, A Dubois², L Marchal³

¹Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Département de Génie des procédés industriels, Unité Transformations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable (UTC/ESCOM, EA 4297 TIMR), Rue Roger Couttolenc, CS 60319 Compiègne Cedex, France.

Bioresource Technology

|December 26, 2013

Summary

Pulsed electric field (PEF) and high voltage electrical discharge (HVED) selectively extract components from Nannochloropsis sp. microalgae. High pressure homogenization (HPH) is most effective but energy-intensive.

Keywords:

Electrotechnologies HPH HVED High pressure homogenization Microalgae Nannochloropsis sp.PEF Selective extraction U USN Ultrasonication high pressure homogenization high voltage electric discharge pulsed electric field ultra-sonication untreated

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Marine Biology
Bioprocess Engineering

Background:

Microalgae are a rich source of valuable intracellular components.
Efficient cell disruption is crucial for maximizing the yield of target compounds.
Various physical and chemical methods exist for microalgal cell disruption, each with unique efficiencies and energy requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of different cell disruption techniques for Nannochloropsis sp. microalgae.
To determine the optimal method for selective extraction of intracellular components, including water-soluble compounds and pigments.
To assess the energy efficiency and impact on cell aggregation and sedimentation.

Main Methods:

Application of pulsed electric field (PEF) and high voltage electrical discharge (HVED) at varying parameters.
Ultrasonication (USN) and high pressure homogenization (HPH) were employed as alternative disruption methods.
Microscopic analysis and sedimentation stability tests were conducted to evaluate cell integrity and aggregation.

Main Results:

Electrically based techniques (PEF, HVED) selectively extracted water-soluble ionic components, microelements, small organic molecules, and water-soluble proteins.
HVED treatment induced significant microalgal cell agglomeration, facilitating easier separation.
Pigment extraction (chlorophylls, carotenoids) required more potent methods than PEF or HVED alone.
High pressure homogenization (HPH) demonstrated the highest overall extraction efficiency but consumed the most energy.

Conclusions:

PEF and HVED offer selective extraction of specific intracellular components from Nannochloropsis sp.
HPH is the most effective method for comprehensive intracellular component extraction but is energy-intensive.
A combination of disruption techniques may be necessary for optimal extraction of diverse microalgal compounds.