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Chronic unexplained orchialgia: a concept analysis
Susanne A Quallich1, Cynthia Arslanian-Engoren
1University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Journal of Advanced Nursing
|December 31, 2013
Summary
This study defines chronic unexplained orchialgia, a persistent testicular pain in men without clear organic causes. The analysis clarifies its attributes to improve understanding and clinical approaches.
Area of Science:
- Men's Health
- Urology
- Pain Management
Background:
- Chronic unexplained orchialgia is a distinct concept in men's health.
- Existing literature lacks a clear definition of its key attributes.
- This ambiguity hinders clinical understanding and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a concept analysis of chronic unexplained orchialgia.
- To establish a precise and contemporary definition for the condition.
- To differentiate it from similar pain syndromes.
Main Methods:
- Walker and Avant's framework guided the concept analysis.
- A comprehensive literature review was conducted using bibliographic databases.
- Thematic analysis identified critical attributes, antecedents, and consequences (1970-2012).
Main Results:
- A contemporary definition of chronic orchialgia is proposed.
- Defined as subjective, intermittent/continuous testicular pain in adult men for ≥3 months.
- Characterized by absence of objective findings and interference with quality of life.
Conclusions:
- The analysis provides a precise definition, distinguishing it from other terms.
- Conceptual clarity is established, aiding theoretical development.
- Further research into social, sexual, and cultural factors is recommended.
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