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Vaccine Production

Vaccine Production

Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...

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Updated: May 4, 2026

Measuring Dengue Virus RNA in the Culture Supernatant of Infected Cells by Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction

Measuring Dengue Virus RNA in the Culture Supernatant of Infected Cells by Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction

Published on: November 1, 2018

Dengue virus vaccine development.

Lauren E Yauch¹, Sujan Shresta¹

¹Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

Advances in Virus Research

|December 31, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Developing a dengue vaccine is crucial due to widespread infections. Challenges include four virus serotypes and complex immune responses, but various vaccine candidates are in development.

Keywords:

Dengue fever Dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome Dengue virus Vaccine

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Published on: March 13, 2018

Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Vaccinology

Background:

Dengue virus (DENV) causes significant global morbidity and mortality, with increasing incidence due to mosquito habitat expansion.
Infections range from mild dengue fever to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome.
Recent outbreaks in the United States highlight the urgent need for effective prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the adaptive immune response to DENV.
To discuss challenges in dengue vaccine development.
To summarize animal models and current/historical vaccine approaches.

Main Methods:

Literature review of adaptive immunity to DENV.
Analysis of dengue vaccine development challenges.
Overview of animal models for vaccine testing.
Compilation of historical and current dengue vaccine strategies.

Main Results:

DENV vaccine development is complicated by four serotypes and dual roles of immune response (protective vs. pathogenic).
Numerous vaccine candidates (live attenuated, inactivated, subunit, DNA, viral vector) are in various clinical trial stages.
Understanding protective versus pathogenic immune responses is key but remains largely unknown.

Conclusions:

A comprehensive understanding of DENV's adaptive immunity is essential for successful vaccine design.
Overcoming challenges related to serotypes and immune response complexity is critical.
Continued research and development of diverse vaccine candidates are necessary to address the global dengue threat.