Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 4, 2026
08:45
Tissue Engineering of the Intestine in a Murine Model
Published on: December 1, 2012
14.8K
Ascites, anemia and (intestinal) atresia
1Department of Neonatology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore.
Summary
Fetal ascites and anemia in a neonate were linked to ileal atresia and midgut volvulus. Early intrauterine blood transfusion may improve outcomes for this rare condition.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Fetal Surgery
- Pediatric Surgery
Background:
- Fetal ascites and anemia can present complex diagnostic challenges in neonates.
- Intestinal obstruction is a critical condition requiring prompt diagnosis and management.
- Midgut volvulus is a rare but serious surgical emergency in newborns.
Observation:
- A neonate presented with antenatal fetal ascites and anemia, with bowel dilatation noted later.
- Postnatal examination revealed clinical signs of intestinal obstruction.
- Laparotomy confirmed ileal atresia, which was surgically resected with primary anastomosis.
Findings:
- The case suggests a sequence of in utero midgut volvulus leading to ischemic bowel, hemorrhagic ascites, fetal anemia, and subsequent intestinal atresia.
- This cascade results in progressive bowel dilatation and neonatal intestinal obstruction.
- A potential link between fetal ascites, anemia, dilated bowel, and neonatal intestinal obstruction is highlighted.
Implications:
- Early diagnosis and intervention, such as intrauterine blood transfusion, may alter the natural history of this condition.
- Improved fetal monitoring and timely surgical management can lead to better outcomes for neonates with intestinal atresia.
- This case underscores the importance of considering rare causes of fetal anomalies and their management strategies.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Appendicitis
29
Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
29
01:07Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology
47
Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
47
01:19Ascites
47
DefinitionAscites is the buildup of fluid inside the peritoneal cavity. It occurs when fluid moves out of the vascular system faster than the peritoneal lymphatics can remove it. This fluid shift is most commonly seen in liver cirrhosis but can also appear in several other systemic disorders.EtiologyCirrhosis remains the leading cause of ascites. Other conditions that can contribute include:Heart failureConstrictive pericarditisAbdominal cancersNephrotic syndromeSevere protein–calorie...
47
01:25Assessment of the Rectum and Anus
2.1K
Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
2.1K
01:29Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction
51
Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...
51
01:27Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis
1.5K
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
1.5K