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Structural correlates of subjective and objective memory performance in multiple sclerosis.

Matteo Pardini1, Maurizio Bergamino, Giulia Bommarito

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Damage to specific brain fibers and structures in multiple sclerosis (MS) is linked to memory problems. This study investigates the connection between brain changes and memory complaints in MS patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Memory deficits are common in multiple sclerosis (MS), impacting patient quality of life.
  • The underlying causes of these memory issues, both subjective and objective, are not fully understood.
  • Investigating structural brain changes associated with memory complaints is crucial for understanding MS progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between damage to hippocampal and temporal associative fibers and memory complaints in MS patients.
  • To identify specific brain structures implicated in subjective and objective memory impairments in early-stage MS.
  • To correlate neuroimaging findings with neuropsychological test results in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 3D T1 structural imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) in 25 relapsing-remitting MS patients and 19 healthy controls.
  • Assessed objective memory using the Selective Reminding Test and Spatial Recall Test.
  • Evaluated subjective memory deficits using the Perceived Deficit Questionnaire (PDQ) and its Retrospective and Prospective Memory Subscales.

Main Results:

  • MS patients showed reduced normalized hippocampal volume (NHV) and mean Fractional Anisotropy (FA) in the uncinate fasciculus (UF) and ventral cingulum bundle (VCB) compared to controls.
  • Verbal memory correlated with left NHV, and spatial memory correlated with right NHV in MS patients.
  • Subjective retrospective memory deficits were linked to left VCB FA, and prospective memory deficits to left UF FA.

Conclusions:

  • Confirms early involvement of memory-related brain structures in MS.
  • Suggests that specific structural alterations in the hippocampus, UF, and VCB are associated with verbal, nonverbal, and perceived memory deficits in the early stages of MS.