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Development of a multimorbidity illness perceptions scale (MULTIPleS).

Chris J Gibbons1, Cassandra Kenning2, Peter A Coventry1

  • 1NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care for Greater Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom ; NIHR School for Primary Care Research, NIHR Greater Manchester Primary Care Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed the MULTIPleS measure, a new tool to assess illness perceptions in patients with multimorbidity. This validated scale helps understand how multiple conditions affect patients and can guide future research and care.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychometrics
  • Health Psychology
  • Chronic Disease Management

Background:

  • Illness perceptions influence patient adjustment and quality of life in single conditions.
  • Multimorbidity, the presence of multiple long-term conditions, is a growing healthcare challenge.
  • A validated measure for illness perceptions in multimorbid patients was lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a reliable measure of illness perceptions specifically for patients experiencing multimorbidity.
  • To create a tool that captures the unique challenges and experiences of individuals managing multiple chronic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Candidate items were sourced from qualitative research with multimorbid patients.
  • A questionnaire was administered to 1500 patients with two or more long-term conditions.
  • Data analysis involved exploratory factor analysis and Rasch analysis for psychometric validation.

Main Results:

  • A 490-patient response rate yielded data for analysis.
  • Exploratory factor analysis identified five subscales: Emotional representations, Treatment burden, Prioritising conditions, Causal links, and Activity limitations.
  • Rasch analysis confirmed unidimensionality, reliability, and validity, resulting in a 22-item summary scale (MULTIPLeS).

Conclusions:

  • The MULTIPleS measure, comprising five subscales and a summary scale, effectively assesses the perceived impact of multimorbidity.
  • The measure demonstrates good fit to the Rasch model, with preliminary evidence of reliability and validity.
  • MULTIPLeS will enable further research into how illness perceptions affect adjustment, outcomes, and costs in multimorbid patients.