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Network analysis highlights complex interactions between pathogen, host and commensal microbiota.

Sébastien Boutin1, Louis Bernatchez1, Céline Audet2

  • 1Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.

Plos One
|December 31, 2013
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stressful conditions disrupt the skin mucus bacterial community in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis). This shift reduces beneficial bacteria and increases pathogens, compromising fish health in aquaculture.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Aquatic Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Host-bacterial interactions range from mutualism to pathogenicity.
  • These relationships are complex networks, not simple two-component systems.
  • Aquaculture production can induce physiological stress in fish.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) and their skin mucus bacterial communities.
  • To test the hypothesis that stress in aquaculture alters bacterial communities, increasing pathogen susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of skin mucus microbiota in brook charr under contrasted conditions.
  • Examination of taxonomic co-variation patterns within bacterial communities.
  • Induction of physiological stress to observe community shifts.

Main Results:

  • Fish skin mucus microbiota structure is highly specific and influenced by the aquatic environment.
  • Two distinct bacterial community patterns emerged: probiotic-associated and pathogen-associated genera.
  • Physiological stress significantly disturbed bacterial homeostasis, decreasing beneficial bacteria and increasing pathogens.

Conclusions:

  • Mutualistic bacteria in fish mucus act as a crucial host protection barrier.
  • Stress negatively impacts this barrier, potentially leading to disease outbreaks in aquaculture.
  • Understanding these dynamics is vital for fish health management.