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Protective response to subunit vaccination against intranasal Burkholderia mallei and B. pseudomallei challenge

Gregory C Whitlock1, Arpaporn Deeraksa2, Omar Qazi3

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1070 ; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1070.

Procedia in Vaccinology
|January 1, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Researchers identified protective proteins against Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei, the bacteria causing glanders and melioidosis. Immunization with specific recombinant proteins, particularly BopA, demonstrated significant cross-protective immunity in animal models.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccine Development

Background:

  • Burkholderia mallei and B. pseudomallei cause glanders and melioidosis, respectively.
  • No effective vaccines currently exist for these Gram-negative pathogens.
  • Identifying protective antigens is crucial for developing new treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel recombinant proteins from B. mallei that can elicit protective immunity.
  • To evaluate the cross-protective potential of these proteins against both B. mallei and B. pseudomallei.

Main Methods:

  • Immunization of mice with recombinant B. mallei proteins (Hcp1, BimA, BopA) and B. pseudomallei LolC.
  • Challenging immunized mice with lethal doses of B. mallei and B. pseudomallei.
  • Assessing survival rates, antibody responses, cytokine profiles of dendritic cells, and T cell activity (IFN-γ production).

Main Results:

  • Immunization with recombinant Hcp1, BimA, BopA, and LolC conferred significant protection against lethal B. mallei and B. pseudomallei challenge.
  • BopA immunization provided the highest protection (100% against B. mallei, 60% against B. pseudomallei).
  • Immune sera showed reactivity to recombinant proteins, and T cells produced IFN-γ upon re-stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • Novel recombinant proteins from B. mallei can induce cross-protective immunity against both B. mallei and B. pseudomallei.
  • BopA is a promising candidate antigen for a potential vaccine against glanders and melioidosis.
  • These findings pave the way for developing effective vaccines against these serious bacterial infections.
Keywords:
B. malleiB. pseudomalleiBurkholderiaintranasal infectionsubunit vaccinationvaccine

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