Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice
09:07

Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice

Published on: May 27, 2015

9.8K

Pediatric Mastocytosis: A Review of the Literature

Marianne Frieri1, Mahvish Quershi1

  • 1Department of Allergy and Immunology, Nassau University Medical Center , East Meadow, New York.

Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology
|January 1, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric mastocytosis, a condition affecting children, involves mast cell degranulation causing various symptoms. This review covers its forms, pathophysiology, and treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Mastocytosis presents bimodally, affecting children (0-2 years) and adults (>15 years).
  • Pediatric mastocytosis symptoms arise from mast cell degranulation enzymes like histamine and tryptase, causing pruritis, flushing, vesicles, pain, and headaches.
  • The three main forms are urticaria pigmentosa, diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis, and solitary mastocytoma.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes research on pediatric mast cell disorders.
  • It discusses specific cases of pediatric mastocytosis.
  • The review also covers acute myeloid leukemia, pathophysiology, genetic studies, and treatment options.

Key Points:

  • Systemic symptoms can occur due to mast cell mediator release, but do not confirm systemic mast cell hyperplasia.
  • Understanding the pathophysiology and genetic basis is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate management are essential for pediatric patients.

Conclusions:

  • This review provides a comprehensive overview of pediatric mastocytosis, integrating clinical presentation, pathophysiology, genetics, and therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research into genetic factors and novel treatments is warranted for improving patient outcomes.

More Related Videos

Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia08:31

Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Published on: October 17, 2025

825
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Murine Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells and MLL-AF9 Driven Leukemia09:44

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Murine Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells and MLL-AF9 Driven Leukemia

Published on: September 5, 2019

6.6K

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
410
Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
3.1K
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
554
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
967
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.0K