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Growth status of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Vaman V Khadilkar1, Lavanya S Parthasarathy1, Basavraj B Mallade1

  • 1Department of Growth and Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India.

Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|January 2, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic children in India show compromised growth, being shorter and lighter than healthy peers. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for optimizing growth in these children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric endocrinology
  • Child health and growth assessment
  • Diabetes management in children

Background:

  • Growth parameters are key indicators of child health.
  • Blood glucose control significantly impacts growth in diabetic children.
  • Limited data exists on growth parameters of Indian diabetic children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess growth parameters in Indian diabetic children.
  • To compare growth between diabetic children and healthy controls.
  • To evaluate the influence of insulin regimens and age at diagnosis on growth.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, cross-sectional, case-control study of 125 diabetic children and matched controls.
  • Anthropometric measurements (height, weight) and calculation of Z scores (HAZ, WAZ, BAZ).
  • Assessment of diabetes control via glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C).

Main Results:

  • Diabetic children exhibited significantly lower height (HAZ) and weight (WAZ) Z scores compared to controls (P < 0.05).
  • Both intensive and conventional insulin regimens were associated with shorter stature (lower HAZ) than controls.
  • Children diagnosed with diabetes before age 3 had the lowest HAZ, while those diagnosed after puberty showed comparable growth to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Growth is significantly compromised in Indian children with diabetes.
  • Younger age at diagnosis (<3 years) is associated with more severe growth deficits.
  • Targeted interventions are necessary for optimizing growth in diabetic children diagnosed at an early age.
Abstract

Keywords:
Age at diagnosisIndiagrowthinsulin regimenstype 1 diabetes

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