Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

30
Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
30
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

28
Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH...
28
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

7.0K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
7.0K
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

23
Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence...
23
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

26
Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor,...
26
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

26
Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
26

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Promoting Microbiology Literacy and Holistic Health: IMiLI and IMiLI-SAC Perspectives on Microbes, Diet, Lifestyle and Society-A 5-Year Journey.

Microbial biotechnology·2026
Same author

Social relevance of microbiology literacy.

FEMS microbiology letters·2026
Same author

Genome-based reclassification of Chromohalobacter japonicus Sánchez-Porro et al. 2007 as a later heterotypic synonym of Chromohalobacter beijerinckii Peçonek et al. 2006.

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek·2026
Same author

Achieving Quality Outcomes at reduced costs in Robotic Rectal Cancer Surgery: A Tertiary Centre's experience with 330 Robotic Rectal Cancer resections.

Journal of robotic surgery·2026
Same author

Genome-based reclassification of <i>Metallosphaera prunae</i> as a later heterotypic synonym of <i>Metallosphaera sedula</i>.

International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology·2025
Same author

Diagnostic dilemma in gastroduodenal lesions: Heterotopic pancreas mimicking gastrointestinal stromal tumours managed by minimally invasive approach - A case series and review of the literature.

Journal of minimal access surgery·2025
Same journal

Correction: Tracheostomy Management in Oral and Oropharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: A Retrospective Study from a Multidisciplinary Protocol Approach.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India·2026
Same journal

Correction: Screening of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia, Laryngopharyngeal Reflux and Job Burnout in Adult Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India·2026
Same journal

Correction: Comparison of the Use of Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma with Conventional Method in Myringoplasty.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India·2026
Same journal

Correction to: Digital Eye Strain and Dry Nose: an Observational Study on Screen OverUse and Emerging Otorhinolaryngological Symptoms in Young Adults.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India·2026
Same journal

Correction: Retrospective Observational Study To Analyse Indications of Cochleostomy and Changing Trends in Use of Cochleostomy for Cochlear Implant Electrode Insertion.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India·2026
Same journal

Correction: Sinonasal Clear Cell Carcinoma Masquerading as Recurrent Inverted Papilloma.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

"Sun's Seven-Step Technique" for Endoscopic En-Bloc Resection of Thyroid Cancer via the Chest-Breast Approach
07:45

"Sun's Seven-Step Technique" for Endoscopic En-Bloc Resection of Thyroid Cancer via the Chest-Breast Approach

Published on: November 28, 2025

284

Incidental thyroid carcinoma.

Nikhil Nanjappa1, Abhilash Kumar1, Sudeepta Kumar Swain1

  • 1Dept of Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute, Pondicherry, 607402 India.

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
|January 2, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A high frequency of incidental thyroid carcinoma (ITC) was found in patients operated for benign thyroid diseases. This cancer was more common in euthyroid patients, with papillary carcinoma being the most frequent type.

Keywords:
Benign thyroid diseaseIncidental thyroid carcinoma

More Related Videos

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
07:01

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: April 17, 2013

24.0K
Minimal Invasive Resection of Large Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter
04:09

Minimal Invasive Resection of Large Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter

Published on: September 20, 2024

1.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 4, 2026

"Sun's Seven-Step Technique" for Endoscopic En-Bloc Resection of Thyroid Cancer via the Chest-Breast Approach
07:45

"Sun's Seven-Step Technique" for Endoscopic En-Bloc Resection of Thyroid Cancer via the Chest-Breast Approach

Published on: November 28, 2025

284
An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
07:01

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: April 17, 2013

24.0K
Minimal Invasive Resection of Large Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter
04:09

Minimal Invasive Resection of Large Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter

Published on: September 20, 2024

1.3K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Thyroid diseases are common, often requiring surgery.
  • Distinguishing benign from malignant thyroid nodules preoperatively can be challenging.
  • Incidental thyroid carcinoma (ITC) may be discovered during surgery for presumed benign conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of incidental thyroid carcinoma (ITC) in patients undergoing surgery for presumed benign thyroid diseases.
  • To analyze the characteristics of incidentally discovered thyroid cancers.

Main Methods:

  • A study included 187 patients operated for benign thyroid diseases based on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).
  • Patients with undetermined cytology or follicular neoplasm were excluded.
  • Histopathological examination of surgical specimens was used to identify ITC.

Main Results:

  • Histology revealed incidental thyroid carcinoma (ITC) in 38 out of 187 patients (20.3%).
  • Papillary carcinoma was the most common type of ITC (97.4%), with the follicular variant more frequent than the micropapillary variant.
  • ITC was more prevalent in euthyroid patients (86.8%) and in those with solitary nodules (60.5%), though the latter was not statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights a significant frequency of incidental thyroid carcinoma (ITC) in patients operated for benign thyroid conditions.
  • ITC was found to be more common in euthyroid individuals.
  • Papillary carcinoma is the predominant histological type of ITC.