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Supramaximal Intensity Hypoxic Exercise and Vascular Function Assessment in Mice
Published on: March 15, 2019
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Exercise-induced oxidative stress and hypoxic exercise recovery
Christopher Ballmann1, Graham McGinnis, Bridget Peters
1School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36830, USA.
European Journal of Applied Physiology
|January 4, 2014
Summary
Hypoxic recovery impairs antioxidant capacity and blunts exercise-induced gene adaptations. This suggests high-altitude environments may negatively impact post-exercise recovery and cellular responses.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Environmental Physiology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Altitude-induced hypoxia affects exercise performance and oxidative stress.
- The independent impact of hypoxia on exercise recovery is not well understood.
- Investigating hypoxia's isolated effects on post-exercise recovery is crucial for understanding adaptation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the independent effects of hypoxic recovery on post-exercise oxidative stress markers.
- To assess the impact of normoxic versus hypoxic recovery on antioxidant capacity and gene expression.
- To elucidate how simulated high altitude influences the body's response to exercise recovery.
Main Methods:
- Physically active males underwent normoxic cycle ergometer exercise followed by 6 hours of recovery in either normoxic or simulated hypoxic conditions (5,000m).
- Blood plasma was analyzed for Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP), Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC), Lipid Hydroperoxides (LOOH), and Protein Carbonyls (PC).
- Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were assessed for gene expression of HMOX1, SOD2, and NFE2L2.
Main Results:
- While protein carbonyls and lipid hydroperoxides showed time effects related to exercise, antioxidant capacity (TEAC and FRAP) was significantly higher during normoxic recovery compared to hypoxic recovery.
- Hypoxic recovery abolished the exercise-induced elevation in gene expression for NFE2L2 (Nuclear factor (euthyroid-derived2)-like factor) and SOD2 (Superoxide Dismutase 2).
- Exercise itself induced oxidative stress, but the recovery environment modulated the antioxidant response and gene expression adaptations.
Conclusions:
- Recovery in a hypoxic environment, independent of exercise, can alter the body's adaptations to exercise-induced oxidative stress.
- Hypoxia during recovery may impair the beneficial upregulation of antioxidant defense genes.
- These findings highlight the potential negative impact of high-altitude recovery on physiological adaptations to exercise.
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