Primary bone lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma presenting with spinal cord compression: a case report

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Hematology
• Pathology

Background:

• Primary bone lymphoma is rare, typically diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
• Other types like follicular, marginal zone, and lymphoplasmacytic lymphomas are infrequent.
• Vertebral involvement can lead to spinal cord compression in 14% of cases.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report the first known case of primary vertebral lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma with spinal cord compression.
• To describe the clinical and laboratory findings in this unique presentation.

Main Methods:

• Case report presentation.
• Review of clinical presentation, imaging, and laboratory results.
• Analysis of immunoglobulin light and heavy chains.

Main Results:

• A single case of primary vertebral lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma was identified.
• The patient experienced spinal cord compression.
• Elevated serum and urine lambda light chains were detected, with normal immunoglobulin heavy chains.

Conclusions:

• Primary vertebral lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma can cause spinal cord compression.
• Isolated lambda light chain elevation may be a marker in this rare condition.
• This case expands the understanding of primary bone lymphoma presentations.