Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 4, 2026
Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors
Published on: January 3, 2017
Types of articulation errors in individuals with cleft lip and palate
Benjamas Prathanee1, Tawitree Pumnum2, Cholada Seepuaham2
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand. bprathanee@gmail.com
Objective:
To identify types of articulation errors in speech camp.
Material And Method:
Sixteen children with cleft palate with or without lip and articulatory defects in Mahasarakham Province and surrounding area enrolled for 3-day intensive speech camp that was held in Srinagarind Hospital. Assessments of speech and language problems: articulation, resonance, nasal emission/turbulence, voice, and intelligibility were performed. Type of articulation errors were grouped based on standard guidelines.
Results:
Velar production was the most common types, both at word (75%) and sentence levels (93%) followed by glottal and pharyngeal productions at word level testing (43.75% and 43.75%) and at sentence level (37.5% and 18.75%), respectively.
Conclusion:
Abnormal backing of oral targets was the most common speech type. Further study and early prevention for articulation disorders are needed.
Related Concept Videos
01:11Oral Cavity
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
01:31Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation
Palpation Findings
During a respiratory assessment, palpation can reveal several vital abnormalities:
01:21Larynx
Anatomy of the Larynx
The larynx consists of various components, including cartilage, muscles, and vocal cords. Its structure includes three large unpaired cartilages—the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis—and three smaller paired cartilages—the arytenoids,...
01:26Assessment of the Mouth
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
01:30Barriers to Effective Communication I
Communication barriers include the following:
Physiological barriers: They are limitations caused by a person's health condition or disability, such as hearing loss, poor eyesight, illness, or unconsciousness. An example to overcome this...
01:12Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization
Absolute error in a measurement is the numerical difference from the true or central value. Relative error is the ratio between absolute error and the true or central value, expressed as a percentage.
Errors can be classified by source, magnitude, and sign. There are three types of errors: systematic, random, and gross.
Systematic or...