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Acquired prosopagnosia: structural basis and processing impairments.

Jodie Davies-Thompson1, Raika Pancaroglu1, Jason Barton1

  • 1Department of Medicine (Neurology), and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada.

Frontiers in Bioscience (Elite Edition)
|January 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acquired prosopagnosia is a spectrum of disorders, not a single condition. Different brain lesions cause distinct deficits in face perception and memory, impacting various processing stages.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Cognitive models suggest parallel processing stages in face perception.
  • Functional neuroimaging reveals a distributed network for face processing.
  • Acquired prosopagnosia presents as a family of disorders, not a monolithic entity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate acquired prosopagnosia variants based on anatomic lesions and functional deficits.
  • To distinguish prosopagnosia subtypes from related conditions like people-specific amnesia and prosop-anomia.
  • To explore the relationship between functional processing stages and distinct neuroanatomic substrates.

Main Methods:

  • Review of cognitive models of face perception.
  • Analysis of functional neuroimaging data in face processing networks.
  • Classification of acquired prosopagnosia based on lesion location and functional impairments.

Main Results:

  • Acquired prosopagnosia is categorized into apperceptive (impaired facial structure perception) and associative/amnestic (impaired facial memory matching) variants.
  • Distinctions are made between prosopagnosia, people-specific amnesia, and prosop-anomia.
  • Different functional deficits correlate with specific processing stage disruptions.

Conclusions:

  • Acquired prosopagnosia variants reflect specific deficits at distinct cognitive processing stages.
  • These functional stages likely possess unique neuroanatomic substrates.
  • Further research is needed to determine if developmental prosopagnosia exhibits similar variability.