[Food allergen in cosmetics].

Area of Science:

• Allergenicity of food proteins
• Dermatological immunology
• Food-induced hypersensitivity

Context:

• Reports of wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) linked to hydrolyzed wheat protein (HWP) in facial soap emerged in Japan in 2009.
• Over 1900 cases of WDEIA have been reported in Japan, primarily associated with a specific facial soap containing acid-HWP.
• The implicated acid-HWP is derived from wheat gluten, processed via acid hydrolysis.

Purpose:

• To summarize the mechanisms underlying immediate hypersensitivity induced by hydrolyzed wheat protein (HWP).
• To review findings from Japanese and European research groups on HWP-induced allergies.

Summary:

• Wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) has been linked to primary sensitization via topical exposure to hydrolyzed wheat protein (HWP) in facial soaps.
• Acid-hydrolyzed wheat protein (acid-HWP), with a molecular weight of 30-50 kDa, used in cosmetic products, is implicated in over 1900 reported cases in Japan.
• The study aims to elucidate the immunological pathways responsible for HWP-induced hypersensitivity.

Impact:

• Highlights a novel route of allergen sensitization through topical application of processed food proteins.
• Informs public health awareness regarding potential allergens in cosmetic and personal care products.
• Contributes to understanding the pathogenesis of food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis.