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Beta blockers like propranolol interact with dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the environment. Humic-like DOM components strongly bind propranolol, while protein-like components bind it weakly.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Pharmaceutical Science

Background:

  • Beta blockers are prevalent pharmaceuticals found in environmental waters.
  • Interactions between pharmaceuticals and dissolved organic matter (DOM) can alter environmental fate and transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the complexation between propranolol (PRO), a model beta blocker, and DOM from various sources.
  • To understand how DOM composition influences propranolol binding.

Main Methods:

  • Fluorescence quenching titration was used to determine propranolol-DOM binding constants (log K oc).
  • Excitation-emission matrix (EEMs) spectroscopy and fluorescence regional integration analyzed DOM sources.
  • Correlation analysis assessed relationships between DOM characteristics and binding constants.

Main Results:

  • Propranolol's fluorescence was quenched by DOM, with binding constants (log K oc) ranging from 3.90 to 5.20.
  • Higher binding affinities were observed for humic-rich DOM (highest log K oc with HA).
  • Binding constants negatively correlated with fluorescence index and protein-like/microbial byproduct-like DOM regions, but positively with humic-like regions.

Conclusions:

  • Allochthonous DOM rich in aromatic and humic-like substances strongly binds propranolol in aquatic environments.
  • Autochthonous DOM with high protein-like content binds propranolol more weakly.
  • DOM characteristics are critical factors influencing the environmental behavior of beta blockers.