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Related Concept Videos

Jaundice01:25

Jaundice

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Jaundice, or icterus, is the yellow discoloration of the skin, sclerae, and mucous membranes. It happens when plasma bilirubin levels rise above 2.5-3 mg/dL, leading to bilirubin deposition in tissue.Bilirubin is a byproduct of hemoglobin degradation. In macrophages, hemoglobin breaks down into globin and heme. Globin is converted into amino acids, while heme is turned into biliverdin by heme oxygenase, which is then reduced to unconjugated bilirubin by biliverdin reductase.Unconjugated...
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Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not...
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Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
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Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
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Hepatic Encephalopathy01:29

Hepatic Encephalopathy

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DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic...
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Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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[Punt-driver with jaundice - case 1/2014].

J Leibold1, S Fusco1, J Feucht2

  • 1Medizinische Klinik, Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen.

Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|January 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leptospirosis, a bacterial zoonosis, can cause severe illness including liver and kidney failure. Prompt treatment with ceftriaxone led to recovery in a punt-driver with jaundice and fever.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Zoonotic Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Leptospirosis is a significant zoonotic disease transmitted through animal urine, posing risks to individuals in occupational or recreational contact with contaminated environments.
  • Rodents are primary reservoirs, but other mammals can also excrete Leptospira bacteria.

Observation:

  • A 30-year-old punt-driver presented with high fever, severe pain, nausea, and jaundice.
  • Clinical findings included jaundice, conjunctivitis, elevated bilirubin, C-reactive protein, and creatinine, with splenomegaly noted on ultrasound.
  • Serological tests confirmed the presence of Leptospira IgM antibodies.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with leptospirosis, a bacterial infection.
  • Treatment with intravenous ceftriaxone, rehydration, and analgesia resulted in the recovery of liver and kidney function.
  • The patient was discharged in good condition, highlighting the effectiveness of timely medical intervention.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential for severe leptospirosis in occupational settings involving freshwater exposure.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment are crucial for managing leptospirosis and preventing life-threatening complications.
  • Public health awareness regarding zoonotic disease transmission routes is vital for prevention efforts.