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Updated: May 4, 2026

Laser Doppler: A Tool for Measuring Pancreatic Islet Microvascular Vasomotion In Vivo
Published on: March 8, 2018
Cerebral hemodynamics and systemic endothelial function are already impaired in well-controlled type 2 diabetic
Paola Palazzo1, Paola Maggio2, Riccardo Altavilla2
1Department of Neurology, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy ; Department of Neurology, S. Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Objective:
Impaired cerebral vasomotor reactivity (VMR) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were found in selected subgroups of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with long-term disease. Our study aimed to evaluate cerebral hemodynamics, systemic endothelial function and sympatho-vagal balance in a selected population of well-controlled T2DM patients with short-term disease and without cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN).
Research Design And Methods:
Twenty-six T2DM patients with short-term (4.40±4.80 years) and well-controlled (HbA1C = 6.71±1.29%) disease, without any complications, treated with diet and/or metformin, were consecutively recruited. Eighteen controls, comparable by sex and age, were enrolled also.
Results:
FMD and shear rate FMD were found to be reduced in T2DM subjects with short-term disease (8.5% SD 3.5 and 2.5 SD 1.3, respectively) compared to controls (15.4% SD 4.1 and 3.5 SD 1.4; p<.001 and p<.05). T2DM patients also displayed reduced VMR values than controls (39.4% SD 12.4 vs 51.7%, SD 15.5; p<.05). Sympatho-vagal balance was not different in T2DM patients compared to healthy subjects. FMD and shear rate FMD did not correlate with VMR in T2DM patients or in controls (p>.05).
Conclusions:
In well-controlled T2DM patients with short-term disease cerebral hemodynamics and systemic endothelial function are altered while autonomic balance appeared to be preserved.
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