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The effects of growth hormone on body composition.

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Hormones, body composition and cardiovascular risk.

L Sjöström1, M Alpsten, B Andersson

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Computed tomography (CT) enables body composition analysis in adults, revealing insights into hormone roles and cardiovascular risk. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is identified as a key predictor of risk in obesity.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology and Imaging
  • Endocrinology
  • Body Composition Analysis

Background:

  • Hormonal roles in adult body composition and cardiovascular risk are less understood than in growth.
  • Computed tomography (CT) allows measurement of approximately 20 body compartments and organ areas.
  • Organ-oriented body composition studies provide data on growth hormone and sex hormones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize data on hormones and body composition in adults.
  • To explore the relationship between body composition and cardiovascular risk.
  • To evaluate the accuracy of anthropometric equations for estimating body compartments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 28 CT scans to measure approximately 20 body compartments and organ areas.
  • Applied sex-specific anthropometric equations to estimate lean body mass (LBM), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and subcutaneous adipose tissue (sc AT).
  • Analyzed data from organ-oriented body composition studies focusing on growth hormone and sex hormones.

Main Results:

  • Sex-specific anthropometric equations estimate LBM, visceral AT, and sc AT with less than 20% error.
  • In obese individuals, visceral AT emerged as a stronger predictor of cardiovascular risk compared to other compartments or waist-to-hip ratio (W/HR).

Conclusions:

  • CT is a valuable tool for adult body composition analysis and understanding hormonal influences.
  • Visceral adipose tissue is a significant predictor of cardiovascular risk, particularly in obese populations.
  • Anthropometric equations provide reliable estimates for body composition parameters.