Familial aggregation of cluster headache

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Genetics
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Familial aggregation of cluster headache (CH) is suggested by prior studies.
• Previous research has not included probable cluster headache (PCH) cases.
• The International Classification of Headache Disorders criteria are the standard for diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify PCH cases.
• To assess familial aggregation of CH by including PCH subjects.
• To determine the risk of CH in relatives of affected individuals.

Main Methods:

• Thirty-six patients with trigeminal autonomic headaches were interviewed using questionnaires.
• Telephone interviews were conducted with relatives identified as possibly affected.
• Relatives were assessed for CH or PCH based on diagnostic criteria.

Main Results:

• Twenty-four probands met criteria for CH or PCH.
• These probands had 142 first-degree relatives.
• Five relatives were diagnosed with CH or PCH, indicating a 35- to 46-fold increased risk.

Conclusions:

• The study suggests significant familial aggregation of cluster headache in the Portuguese population.
• Inclusion of PCH cases strengthens the evidence for genetic predisposition.
• Further research may elucidate specific genetic factors contributing to CH.