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Complement activation by ceramide transporter proteins.

Gerard H Bode1, Mario Losen, Wim A Buurman

  • 1Division of Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;

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The ceramide transporter protein (CERT) initiates the classical complement pathway by binding C1q. This discovery reveals CERTs

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • C1q initiates the classical complement pathway, crucial for clearing pathogens and apoptotic cells.
  • Ceramide transporter protein (CERT) and its isoform CERTL interact with extracellular matrix and innate immune proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel function of CERT in the innate immune response.
  • To determine if CERT interacts with C1q and influences the classical complement pathway.

Main Methods:

  • Immobilized CERT isoforms were tested for binding to C1q.
  • Complement activation markers (C4, C3, C5b-9) were measured.
  • Binding of C1q to endogenous CERTL on apoptotic cells was assessed.

Main Results:

  • Both CERT isoforms bound the globular head region of C1q.
  • CERT binding initiated the classical complement pathway, activating C4, C3, and C5b-9.
  • C1q bound to CERTL on apoptotic cells, indicating a role in their clearance.

Conclusions:

  • CERTs play a novel role in innate immunity.
  • CERTs are involved in initiating the classical complement pathway.
  • CERTs are important for the clearance of apoptotic cells.