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Related Concept Videos

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Application of Retinoic Acid to Obtain Osteocytes Cultures from Primary Mouse Osteoblasts
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Application of Retinoic Acid to Obtain Osteocytes Cultures from Primary Mouse Osteoblasts

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Recent progress in osteocyte research.

Paola Divieti Pajevic1

  • 1Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Endocrinology and Metabolism (Seoul, Korea)
|January 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Osteocytes, once thought passive, are now known as key regulators of bone metabolism and mineral balance. Understanding their complex biology offers new therapeutic targets for bone and mineral disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Bone Biology
  • Skeletal Metabolism
  • Mineral Homeostasis

Background:

  • Osteocytes were historically considered inert bone cells.
  • Recent advancements reveal osteocytes as crucial regulators of skeletal health.
  • They play vital roles in mineral homeostasis and hematopoiesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on osteocyte function and biology.
  • To discuss the role of osteocytes in skeletal metabolism and mineral homeostasis.
  • To explore future research directions and therapeutic potential.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on osteocyte biology.
  • Analysis of novel findings regarding osteocyte function.
  • Discussion of emerging research tools and techniques.
Keywords:
Bone homeostasisMineral homeostasisOsteocytesSclerostin

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Main Results:

  • Osteocytes are key responders to mechanical stimuli.
  • They orchestrate bone remodeling processes.
  • Osteocytes produce critical proteins like sclerostin and FGF23, targets for new therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Osteocyte biology is central to skeletal health and mineral balance.
  • Further research into osteocyte mechanisms will yield novel treatments for bone and mineral disorders.
  • Targeting osteocyte-derived factors presents a promising therapeutic strategy.