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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

59
DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
59
Diabetic Foot Ulcer01:31

Diabetic Foot Ulcer

33
Definition A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic, non-healing wound that develops in individuals with diabetes. It typically occurs on pressure-bearing areas such as the heel, metatarsal heads, or hallux, and carries a high risk of infection and amputation.Pathophysiology • The development of DFUs can be explained by four interconnected mechanisms: neuropathy, ischemia, infection, and impaired wound healing. • Neuropathy is the most common factor. Sensory...
33
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

32
Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration...
32
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

55
DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
55
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus01:22

Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

35
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency, resistance, or both. Prolonged hyperglycemia disrupts metabolic homeostasis and leads to acute and chronic complications.Acute ComplicationsAcute complications result from sudden metabolic imbalance.Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) mainly appears in type 1 diabetes but may also develop in type 2 diabetes, particularly under extreme stress. It arises from severe insulin deficiency,...
35
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

75
Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular...
75

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Duloxetine in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain in Japan: a randomized, doubleblind, noninferiority comparative study with pregabalin.

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Clinical Phenotype and Segregation of Mitochondrial 3243A>G Mutation in 2 Pairs of Monozygotic Twins.

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[Pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy].

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[Diabetic neuopathy].

Hitoshi Yasuda1

  • 1Faculty of Nursing, Public Health Nursing, Shiga University of Medical Science.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|January 9, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Elderly diabetic patients face risks like foot problems and fractures due to neuropathy. Enhanced self-care, exercise, and education are crucial for managing these conditions and improving quality of life.

Area of Science:

  • Geriatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Increasing prevalence of elderly diabetic patients with westernized lifestyles.
  • Diabetic neuropathy poses risks for foot complications and falls, impacting quality of life (QOL).
  • Limited acceptance of current therapeutic drugs for diabetic neuropathy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of self-care and exercise for elderly diabetic patients.
  • To emphasize education as a key management strategy.
  • To discuss common complications and symptomatic therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current challenges in managing elderly diabetic patients.
  • Focus on non-pharmacological interventions like self-care and balance training.

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  • Discussion of common comorbidities such as orthostatic hypotension and gastroparesis.
  • Main Results:

    • Diabetic foot and fall-related fractures are significant concerns.
    • Intensified self-care, exercise, and balance training are recommended.
    • Education plays a vital role in patient management.

    Conclusions:

    • Management of elderly diabetic patients requires a multi-faceted approach.
    • Emphasis on patient education and symptomatic therapy is essential.
    • Improving QOL necessitates proactive self-care and targeted interventions.