MRI information for commonly used otologic implants: review and update

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Biomedical Engineering
• Radiology

Background:

• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for diagnosing conditions affecting the ear and surrounding structures.
• Otologic implants are increasingly common, necessitating an understanding of their MRI compatibility.
• Incompatibility between implants and MRI can lead to device malfunction or patient injury.

Purpose of the Study:

• To consolidate and review current information regarding MRI safety for widely used otologic implants.
• To provide otolaryngologists and other clinicians with essential data for managing patients with these devices undergoing MRI procedures.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the National Library of Medicine's online database.
• MRI safety information provided by implant manufacturers was systematically collected and analyzed.
• Data from an additional online resource (www.MRIsafety.com) was also incorporated.

Main Results:

• Osseointegrated implants (Baha, Ponto Pro) and Sophono abutment-free systems have components approved for 3-Tesla (T) MRI, though external processors are MR Unsafe.
• Most middle ear ossicular prostheses are MR Conditional for 1.5T and many for 3T MRI.
• Cochlear implants show varied MRI compatibility, with some approved for 1.5T after magnet removal or with specific application protocols; non-magnetic implants are MR Safe.

Conclusions:

• Understanding specific MRI guidelines for otologic implants is critical for patient safety and effective diagnostic imaging.
• Discrepancies exist between MRI safety approvals from regulatory bodies like the US Food and Drug Administration and international standards.
• This review serves as a vital reference for physicians navigating MRI procedures in patients with otologic implants.