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Age-related decrease of functional connectivity additional to gray matter atrophy in a network for movement

F Hoffstaedter1, C Grefkes, C Roski

  • 1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany, f.hoffstaedter@fz-juelich.de.

Brain Structure & Function
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Healthy aging reduces brain connectivity and gray matter volume, particularly in motor control networks. Functional connectivity declines with age in specific brain regions, independent of atrophy, impacting movement initiation and cognitive motor control.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Aging Research
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Healthy aging is associated with declines in cognitive and motor functions.
  • Brain networks involved in movement initiation and execution undergo age-related changes.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for addressing motor deficits in the elderly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related changes in functional connectivity (FC) and regional atrophy within the movement initiation network.
  • To identify specific brain regions and connections affected by aging.
  • To differentiate age-related FC changes from those solely due to gray matter atrophy.

Main Methods:

  • Voxel-based morphometry and resting-state functional connectivity (FC) analysis.
  • Studied supplementary motor area (SMA), anterior midcingulate cortex (aMCC), and bilateral striatum (Str) in 232 healthy adults (18-85 years).
  • Used primary sensorimotor cortex (S1/M1) as a control seed region.

Main Results:

  • Significant gray matter volume reduction with age in all studied regions.
  • Age-related decrease in FC between striatal nodes and S1/M1, affecting caudate nucleus and anterior putamen.
  • SMA showed age-dependent FC decline with the insula and frontal operculum; aMCC decoupled from the anterior cingulate motor area.
  • Age-related FC changes were observed independently of regional atrophy.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals network- and node-specific age-dependent FC decline in motor control regions like SMA and aMCC.
  • FC decrease and gray matter atrophy in the striatum may underlie declining motor control in aging.
  • Age-related FC alterations in both movement initiation and execution networks are not solely explained by regional atrophy.