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Engineering Biological-Based Vascular Grafts Using a Pulsatile Bioreactor
11:22

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Published on: June 14, 2011

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Engineering of arteries in vitro.

Angela H Huang1, Laura E Niklason

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA, angela.huang@yale.edu.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|January 9, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This review highlights the critical role of mechanical forces and bioreactors in regenerating functional arterial grafts in vitro. These biomimetic systems optimize conditions for creating engineered vessels with native-like properties.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • The mechanical environment is crucial for embryological development, vascular function, and arterial graft regeneration.
  • Engineered vascular grafts require appropriate mechanical strength for successful implantation.
  • Understanding the impact of mechanical stimuli on extracellular matrix architecture and mechanical properties is key.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the essential elements for functional arterial regeneration in vitro: mechanical environment and bioreactors.
  • To discuss the importance of the mechanical environment in vascular development and graft regeneration.
  • To examine various bioreactor designs and tissue engineering approaches for vascular grafts.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of the role of mechanical stimuli in simulating the arterial biomechanical environment.

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  • Review of bioreactor systems used to control chemical and mechanical environments for graft growth.
  • Examination of different tissue engineering techniques for vascular grafts.

    • Main Results:

    • Bioreactors enable the reconstruction of arterial grafts with suitable mechanical strength.
    • Biomimetic systems optimize culture conditions for regenerating engineered vessels with physiological properties.
    • Various bioreactors applying axial loading to engineered arteries have been developed.

    Conclusions:

    • Mechanical environment and bioreactors are essential for in vitro arterial regeneration.
    • Bioreactors are powerful tools for studying mechanical stimuli effects on engineered vessels.
    • Optimized chemo-biomechanical culture conditions can yield engineered vessels similar to native arteries.